????您預(yù)計中國女性的收入將從2000年的3,500億美元增長至2020年的4萬億美元，二十年增長10倍。為什么？如何達到？

????收入增長來自三方面的因素：相對薪酬水平的改善、受教育情況的改善以及就業(yè)人口老齡化。現(xiàn)在，中國女性獲得的薪酬普遍與男性存在差距。但她們中獲得高級學(xué)歷的人在增加，職業(yè)構(gòu)成也在改善。最重要的是女性就業(yè)人口的老齡化。年齡與收入成正比，中國城市里40多歲的女性工作者數(shù)量遠遠多于印度。這就是你看到的效果。

????這也不是什么新現(xiàn)象。中國女性一直比較能掙錢，早在1951或52年時，毛澤東就說過所有女性都將工作。女性就業(yè)已經(jīng)成為一種常態(tài)，而且日托很普遍，每個人付一點錢就能找到。

????相比之下，您預(yù)計印度未來十年相對收入（即女性相對于男性的收入）將繼續(xù)下降。他們的問題在哪里？中國又是哪里做得比較好？

????在發(fā)展中國家里，中國的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展遠遠超前。他們正在從一個農(nóng)業(yè)社會轉(zhuǎn)變成一個城市社會。在任何農(nóng)業(yè)群體中，無論如何總會有（性別）歧視存在。印度目前仍有70%的農(nóng)業(yè)人口，女性的待遇非常差。在印度農(nóng)村，根本就談不上什么女性權(quán)利。

????即便是在情況好很多的城市里，女性也進不了科技行業(yè)。在印度，類似于伊利諾伊理工大學(xué)（IIT）、麻省理工學(xué)院（MIT）或者哈佛大學(xué)（Harvard）之類的學(xué)校里，90%的學(xué)生都是男生。印度的女企業(yè)家非常罕見，原因是女性受教育有限、政府機構(gòu)不努力改變現(xiàn)狀，另外日托也很難找。如今印度女性的人均生育率仍然高達5.2個。

????當(dāng)然，中國有計劃生育政策。小家庭是推動女性收入快速增長的最大因素。

????You expect Chinese female earnings to grow from $350 million in 2000 to $4 trillion by 2020, a tenfold increase in two decades. Why? And how?

????Growth in income comes from three factors: higher relative wage rights, better education, and an aging workforce. Right now, women in China earn a discounted wage rate. Plus as they're earning more advanced degrees, the mix of occupations is improving. But the biggest factor is the aging of the female workforce. Age equals income, and there are many, many more 40-year-old female workers in Chinese cities than in Indian ones. That's the effect you're seeing.

????This isn't new. China has been an extremely lucrative market for women because, in 1951 or '52, Mao basically said that all women will work. It became absolutely the norm, and daycare was always available, accessible to everyone, at nominal cost.

????By contrast you expect relative earnings -- that is, women's wages compared to men's -- to decline in the next decade. What are they doing wrong, or what is China doing right?

????China is way more advanced in terms of development economics. They are moving from an agrarian society to an urban one. In any agrarian group, there's discrimination no matter what. India is 70% rural, and women are treated very poorly. There's no such thing as women's rights in rural India.

????Even in cities, where things are much better, women are not getting into technical careers. At IIT, the MIT or Harvard equivalent, it's 90% boys. There are very few women entrepreneurs in India, little access to education, no government agency to improve things, and no easily available daycare. And women there are still having on average 5.2 children.

????In China, of course, there's the one child policy. The greatest growth in female income comes from small family size.